孕期复合维生素支持母体与胎儿健康。
患有神经管缺陷或其他对叶酸敏感的先天性异常的低风险女性,以及低风险男性伴侣,在受孕前至少 2 至 3 个月、整个怀孕期间、产后 4 至 6 周或母乳喂养期间,需要每天食用富含叶酸的食物和含有 0.4 毫克叶酸的口服复合维生素补充剂。
Wilson RD; Genetics Committee; Wilson RD, Audibert F, Brock JA, Carroll J, Cartier L, Gagnon A, Johnson JA, Langlois S, Murphy-Kaulbeck L, Okun N, Pastuck M; Special Contributors; Deb-Rinker P, Dodds L, Leon JA, Lowel HL, Luo W, MacFarlane A, McMillan R, Moore A, Mundle W, O'Connor D, Ray J, Van den Hof M. Pre-conception Folic Acid and Multivitamin Supplementation for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Neural Tube Defects and Other Folic Acid-Sensitive Congenital Anomalies. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2015 Jun;37(6):534-52. English, French. doi: 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30230-9. PMID: 26334606.
孕妇在产前摄入含叶酸的多种维生素与好几种先天性异常的风险降低有关,不仅仅只有神经管缺陷。
Ingrid Goh Y, Bollano E, Einarson TR, Koren G. Prenatal multivitamin supplementation and rates of congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2006 Aug;28(8):680-689. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)32227-7. PMID: 17022907.
我们发现母亲补充叶酸或复合维生素片与儿童患自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的风险总体呈负相关;在丹麦队列研究中,母亲复合维生素的摄入与较低的多动障碍和 ADHD 药物风险相关。
Li M, Francis E, Hinkle SN, Ajjarapu AS, Zhang C. Preconception and Prenatal Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2019 Jul 17;11(7):1628. doi: 10.3390/nu11071628. PMID: 31319515; PMCID: PMC6682900.

